Table 19
Summary Statistics for Independent Variables within Each Language
|
|
English
|
German
|
Spanish
|
Italian
|
Hungarian
|
Bulgarian
|
Chinese
|
Length in Syllables
F = 169.50
(p < .001) |
Mean
|
1.74
|
2.13
|
2.76
|
2.92
|
2.28
|
2.40
|
2.09
|
SD
|
0.83
|
0.87
|
0.96
|
1.00
|
0.97
|
0.92
|
0.60
|
Range
|
1-5
|
1-6
|
1-7
|
1-8
|
1-8
|
1-7
|
1-5
|
Length in Characters
F = 29.08
(p < .001) |
Mean
|
5.89
|
6.73
|
6.48
|
7.07
|
6.07
|
6.29
|
not
relevant
|
SD
|
2.22
|
2.74
|
2.14
|
2.50
|
2.28
|
2.23
|
Range
|
2-15
|
2-19
|
3-17
|
2-20
|
2-19
|
3-17
|
Word Frequency
(no statistical comparison) |
Mean
|
2.50
|
2.01
|
2.90
|
1.16
|
1.38
|
4.25*
|
3.36
|
SD
|
1.57
|
1.50
|
1.73
|
1.43
|
1.93
|
1.09*
|
2.01
|
Range
|
0-7.40
|
0-6.62
|
0-8.32
|
0-6.20
|
0-6.84
|
1.5-6.8*
|
0-10.56
|
Frication
X2 = 85.34
(p < .001) |
Mean
|
28.1%
|
27.5%
|
12.3%
|
24.8%
|
34.8%
|
27.1%
|
25.8%
|
Range
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
Word Complexity
X2 = 246.9
(p < .001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
not
relevant
|
Mean
|
16.3%
|
33.8%
|
8.5%
|
9.6%
|
18.5%
|
8.1%
|
Range
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
0-1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Bulgarian Frequency was determined on the basis of subjective ratings,
and is presented in raw figures
Table 20
Number and Percent of Target Names within Each Language Falling into Each Category of Syllable Length (out of 520 Items)