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Table 19: Summary Statistics for Independent Variables within Each Language
Table 20: Number and Percent of Target Names within Each Language Falling into Each Category of Syllable Length (out of 520 Items)

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Table 19
Summary Statistics for Independent Variables within Each Language

 

 

English

German

Spanish

Italian

Hungarian

Bulgarian

Chinese

Length in Syllables
F = 169.50
(p < .001)

Mean

1.74

2.13

2.76

2.92

2.28

2.40

2.09

SD

0.83

0.87

0.96

1.00

0.97

0.92

0.60

Range

1-5

1-6

1-7

1-8

1-8

1-7

1-5

Length in Characters
F = 29.08
(p < .001)

Mean

5.89

6.73

6.48

7.07

6.07

6.29

not
relevant

SD

2.22

2.74

2.14

2.50

2.28

2.23

Range

2-15

2-19

3-17

2-20

2-19

3-17

Word Frequency
(no statistical comparison)

Mean

2.50

2.01

2.90

1.16

1.38

4.25*

3.36

SD

1.57

1.50

1.73

1.43

1.93

1.09*

2.01

Range

0-7.40

0-6.62

0-8.32

0-6.20

0-6.84

1.5-6.8*

0-10.56

Frication
X2 = 85.34
(p < .001)

Mean

28.1%

  27.5%

12.3%

24.8%

34.8%

27.1%

25.8%

Range

0-1

0-1

0-1

0-1

0-1

0-1

0-1

Word Complexity
X2 = 246.9
(p < .001

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

not
relevant

Mean

16.3%

33.8%

8.5%

9.6%

18.5%

8.1%

Range

0-1

0-1

0-1

0-1

0-1

0-1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

* Bulgarian Frequency was determined on the basis of subjective ratings,
and is presented in raw figures




Table 20
Number and Percent of Target Names within Each Language Falling into Each Category of Syllable Length (out of 520 Items)

# of Syllables

English

German

Spanish

Italian

Bulgarian

Hungarian

Chinese

Monosyllables

236
(45.7%)

118
(22.7%)

12
(2.3%)

4
(0.8%)

53
(10.2%)

90
(17.3%)

61
(11.7%)

  Disyllables

201
(38.7%)

259
(49.8%)

228
(43.8%)

197
(37.9%)

279
(53.7%)

266
(51.2%)

364
(70.0%)

  3 Syllables

63
(12.1%)

104
(20.0%)

179
(34.4%)

208
(40.0%)

140
(26.9%)

110
(21.2%)

86
(16.5%)

  4 Syllables

18
(3.5%)

36
(6.9%)

75
(14.4%)

76
(14.6%)

35
(6.7%)

41
(7.9%)

8
(1.5%)

  5 Syllables

2
(0.4%)

2
(0.4%)

19
(3.7%)

24
(4.6%)

5
(1.0%)

9
(1.7%)

1
(0.2%)

  6 Syllables

0
(0.0%)

1
(0.2%)

6
(1.2%)

6
(1.2%)

6
(1.2%)

3
(0.6%)

0
(0.0%)

  7 Syllables

0
(0.0%)

0
(0.0%)

1
(0.2%)

4
(0.8%)

2
(0.4%)

0
(0.0%)

0
(0.0%)

  8 Syllables

0
(0.0%)

0
(0.0%)

0
(0.0%)

1
(0.2%)

0
(0.0%)

1
(0.2%)

0
(0.0%)